Resolution on the political situation in Myanmar including the humanitarian crisis of the Rohingya

The European Parliament adopted by 519 votes to 3, with 57 abstentions, a resolution on the political situation in Myanmar including the humanitarian crisis of the Rohingya.

The text adopted in plenary was tabled by the EPP, S&D, ECR, Renew, Greens/EFA and the Left groups.

As a reminder, since the 1 February 2021 military coup in Myanmar, nearly 30 000 people have been arrested and more than 22 000 political prisoners remain behind bars in October 2025. The junta has dramatically escalated its indiscriminate aerial bombardments, artillery strikes and arson attacks on civilian infrastructure, including schools, medical clinics, monasteries, displacement camps and houses, destroying more than 100 000 civilian homes and killing at least 7 300 civilians since the coup.

Moreover, Myanmar’s predominantly Muslim Rohingya minority has endured more than five decades of state-led marginalisation. The Rohingya have been victim to atrocious violence amounting to crimes against humanity and war crimes. Between 2024 and November 2025, approximately 150 000 Rohingya fled to Bangladesh due to the escalating violence. The resolution stressed that continuous humanitarian aid and EU engagement is necessary and indispensable for the survival of the Rohingya.

Parliament strongly condemned the coup d’état and the junta’s violent and illegitimate rule, including the ongoing repression at the hands of the Tatmadaw and the grave human rights violations committed against civilians, ethnic minorities and political opponents. It called on the Tatmadaw to fully respect the outcome of the democratic elections of November 2020 and to immediately reinstate the civilian government, end the state of emergency, cease the use of violence against peaceful protesters, respect the right to freedom of expression and association, and allow all elected parliamentarians to assume their mandates without restriction.

The resolution expressed profound alarm at the methods of brutal repression employed by the junta, including forced conscription, torture, extrajudicial killings, enforced disappearances, arbitrary detention, sexual and gender-based violence, and systemic impunity. In this regard, Parliament called for an immediate ceasefire and an end to the violence as a prerequisite for sustainable, lasting, long-term peace for the people of Myanmar. It emphasised that no transparent, inclusive electoral process is possible without bringing the violence in Myanmar to an end. Parliament rejected as illegitimate any elections organised unilaterally by the junta, in particular the general election scheduled for December 2025 and January 2026, which is in clear violation of democratic standards.

In addition, the resolution called for the immediate and unconditional release of President Win Myint, State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi and all others who have been arrested on unfounded accusations or who are being held on the basis of politically motivated charges.

Parliament condemned the disproportionate suffering of the Rohingya minority, who remain stateless, face mounting discrimination and lack meaningful access to humanitarian aid, while being trapped between warring parties. It also condemned the persecution of religious minorities, including Christians, Muslims and other religious groups in the country and urged the Tatmadaw to end the killings and arrests of people belonging to religious minorities, as well as the shelling and raiding of places of worship.

Stressing the need to address the root causes of the Rohingya crisis, Parliament called for reform of the 1982 Citizenship Law that denies Rohingya their Myanmar citizenship rights. The EU is called on to assume a leading role in mobilising international support for the Rohingya people and in ensuring accountability for those responsible for their persecution, in particular the Myanmar military.

The resolution welcomed the EU’s humanitarian aid allocation of March 2025, including EUR 32.3 million for Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh, and called for sustained and predictable funding of the Joint Response Plan for 2025-2026 to address critical underfunding. The United States is urged to continue its significant humanitarian aid to the Rohingya.

The EU Member States and associated countries should maintain the embargo on the direct and indirect supply, sale and transfer, including transit, shipment and brokering, of all weapons, munitions and other military, security and surveillance equipment and systems, as well as the provision of training, maintenance and other military and security assistance. The UN Security Council is asked to urgently impose a global arms embargo on Myanmar.

The Commission is called on to guarantee that the Everything But Arms scheme does not benefit the junta, or otherwise to temporarily withdraw the mechanism. Members urged the provision of increased humanitarian aid for Rohingya refugees in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh, internally displaced people in Myanmar and refugees along the Thai-Myanmar border.

Lastly, Parliament underlined the necessity of reinforced EU-ASEAN cooperation to build a unified response that prioritises human rights and justice in Myanmar.